NCLEX Nutrition Practice Exam

The typical concentration of dextrose in water administered to prevent hypoglycemia when parenteral nutrition (PN) is unavailable is in the 10% to 20% range. This concentration is effective in providing a sufficient glucose supply to maintain blood sugar levels without risking complications associated with higher concentrations, such as hyperglycemia or fluid overload.

In clinical practice, a 10% dextrose solution can provide an adequate source of carbohydrates for patients who may be at risk of hypoglycemia, ensuring that energy needs are met. The 20% concentration can be used when a more rapid replenishment of blood glucose levels is needed, especially in patients who are severely hypoglycemic.

Using a lower concentration, such as 5% to 10% dextrose in water, may not provide enough glucose to prevent hypoglycemia effectively. Higher concentrations, like 30% to 40%, significantly increase the risk of complications, including hyperglycemia, and can lead to osmotic diuresis or other metabolic issues. Therefore, sticking within the 10% to 20% range strikes a balance between efficacy and safety in managing blood glucose levels.