To prevent hypoglycemia when PN solution is unavailable, what concentration of dextrose in water is typically administered?

The typical concentration of dextrose in water administered to prevent hypoglycemia when parenteral nutrition (PN) is unavailable is in the 10% to 20% range. This concentration is effective in providing a sufficient glucose supply to maintain blood sugar levels without risking complications associated with higher concentrations, such as hyperglycemia or fluid overload.

In clinical practice, a 10% dextrose solution can provide an adequate source of carbohydrates for patients who may be at risk of hypoglycemia, ensuring that energy needs are met. The 20% concentration can be used when a more rapid replenishment of blood glucose levels is needed, especially in patients who are severely hypoglycemic.

Using a lower concentration, such as 5% to 10% dextrose in water, may not provide enough glucose to prevent hypoglycemia effectively. Higher concentrations, like 30% to 40%, significantly increase the risk of complications, including hyperglycemia, and can lead to osmotic diuresis or other metabolic issues. Therefore, sticking within the 10% to 20% range strikes a balance between efficacy and safety in managing blood glucose levels.