What type of solution is TPN considered due to its composition of >10% dextrose?

Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) is classified as a hypertonic solution because of its high concentration of dextrose, typically exceeding 10%. Hypertonic solutions have a higher osmolarity than body fluids, which means they contain a greater concentration of solutes. When administered, hypertonic solutions draw water out of cells and into the extracellular space, which can lead to changes in cell volume and may result in fluid shifts.

In the context of TPN, the presence of >10% dextrose increases the osmolarity significantly, necessitating that these solutions be administered through a central venous catheter in a large vein. This is crucial to prevent irritation of peripheral veins and to ensure safe and effective nutrient delivery. The body's response to hypertonic solutions is important for understanding potential complications, including venous irritation and fluid overload, which can be associated with such high concentrations.

This categorization highlights the need for careful monitoring and management when administering TPN, as the hypertonic nature of the solution significantly influences handling and patient care strategies.