Which complication can arise from tube misplacement during enteral feeding?

Tube misplacement during enteral feeding can lead to aspiration, which occurs when the feeding formula enters the airway instead of the stomach. This is a serious complication that can result in respiratory distress, pneumonia, or other pulmonary issues, as foreign substances in the lungs can initiate an inflammatory response.

When a feeding tube is incorrectly positioned, particularly if it has been inserted into the trachea or if the tip of the tube migrates beyond the correct placement in the stomach, the person is at a higher risk for aspiration. This highlights the importance of confirming proper tube placement through methods such as pH testing of gastric aspirate, confirmation via imaging studies, and listening for air insufflation in the stomach.

While other options such as constipation, electrolyte imbalance, and fluid overload may occur due to issues related to enteral feeding in general, they are not directly associated with tube misplacement like aspiration is. Aspiration specifically represents a critical and immediate risk linked to unintended placement of the feeding tube, making it a primary concern that healthcare providers must vigilantly monitor for.