Why is insulin added to a patient's PN solution?

Insulin is added to a patient's total parenteral nutrition (PN) solution primarily to reduce the potential of hyperglycemia. When a patient is receiving PN, they are supplied with nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. This method can lead to elevated blood glucose levels, especially if the solution contains significant amounts of carbohydrates. Hyperglycemia can result in various complications, including increased risk of infections and poor wound healing.

By incorporating insulin into the PN solution, the healthcare team can help regulate blood glucose levels, ensuring they remain within a normal range despite the increased nutrient intake. This management of glucose is essential for maintaining overall metabolic stability and preventing the adverse effects associated with elevated blood sugar levels. Proper glucose control is crucial for patient safety and recovery, especially in critically ill patients or those with underlying conditions such as diabetes.